Luminous English

As the Mann Gulch wildfire raced toward them, the smokejumpers

had a decision to make. In an ideal world, they would have had

enough time to pause, analyze the situation, and evaluate their

options. With the fire raging less than 100 yards behind, there was

no chance to stop and think. “On a big fire there is no time and no

tree under whose shade the boss and the crew can sit and have a

Platonic dialogue about a blowup,” scholar and former firefighter

Norman Maclean wrote in Young Men and Fire, his award-winning

chronicle of the disaster. “If Socrates had been foreman on the Mann

Gulch fire, he and his crew would have been cremated while they

were sitting there considering it.”

Dodge didn’t survive as a result of thinking slower. He made it

out alive thanks to his ability to rethink the situation faster. Twelve

smokejumpers paid the ultimate price because Dodge’s behavior

didn’t make sense to them. They couldn’t rethink their assumptions

in time.

Under acute stress, people typically revert to their automatic,

well-learned responses. That’s evolutionarily adaptive—as long as

you find yourself in the same kind of environment in which those

reactions were necessary. If you’re a smokejumper, your well-learned

response is to put out a fire, not start another one. If you’re fleeing

for your life, your well-learned response is to run away from the fire,

not toward it. In normal circumstances, those instincts might save

your life. Dodge survived Mann Gulch because he swiftly overrode

both of those responses.

No one had taught Dodge to build an escape fire. He hadn’t even

heard of the concept; it was pure improvisation. Later, the other two

survivors testified under oath that nothing resembling an escape fire

was covered in their training. Many experts had spent their entire

careers studying wildfires without realizing it was possible to stay

alive by burning a hole through the blaze.

When I tell people about Dodge’s escape, they usually marvel at

his resourcefulness under pressure. That was genius! Their

astonishment quickly melts into dejection as they conclude that this

kind of eureka moment is out of reach for mere mortals. I got

stumped by my fourth grader’s math homework. Yet most acts of

rethinking don’t require any special skill or ingenuity.

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📚هایلایت قسمت 04 کتاب Think Again

(بخش چهارم مقدمه)

✅ smokejumpers : آتشنشان ها

✅ make a decision: تصمیم گرفتن

✅ situation : وضعیت

✅ evaluate : سنجیدن

✅ shade : سایه

✅ blowup : انفجار

✅ scholar : محقق

✅ former : سابق

✅ firefighter : آتشنشان

✅ award-winning : برنده جایزه

✅ chronicle : سرگذشت وقایع

✅ disaster : فاجعه

✅ crew: خدمه

✅ considering : سبک سنگین کردن

✅ survive : زنده ماندن

✅ rethink : تجدید نظر کردن

✅ ultimate : نهایی

✅ make sense: با عقل جور در اومدن

✅ behavior : رفتار

✅ assumption : فرضیه

✅ revert: برگشتن

✅ well-learned: آموخته

✅ evolutionarily : از نظر تکامل

✅ adaptive : سازگار

✅ environment : محیط

✅ reaction : واکنش

✅ necessary : لازم

✅ fleeing : فرار کردن

✅ circumstances : شرایط

✅ instinct : حس اولیه

✅ swiftly : به سرعت

✅ overrode : گذشتن از چیزی

✅ escape fire: آتش فرار

✅ concept : مفهوم

✅ improvisation : بداهه

✅ testify: شهادت دادن

✅ resembling : شبیه

✅ expert : متخصص

✅ entire: کامل

✅ wildfire : آتش منابع طبیعی

✅ blaze: شعله

✅ escape: فرار

✅ marvel : تعجب کردن

✅ resourcefulness : تدبیر

✅ genius : نابغه

✅ astonishment : حیرت

✅ dejection : یاس

✅ conclude : نتیجه گرفتن

✅ eureka : لحظه ای که ایده ای به ذهنمان می رسد

✅ mortal : مردنی، فانی

✅ to get stumped : گیج شدن

✅ require: نیاز داشتن

✅ special skill: مهارت خاص

✅ ingenuity : نبوغ

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