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Over the following year, the startups in the control group

averaged under $300 in revenue. The startups in the scientific thinking group averaged over $12,000 in revenue. They brought in revenue more than twice as fast—and attracted customers sooner,

too. Why? The entrepreneurs in the control group tended to stay wedded to their original strategies and products. It was too easy to preach the virtues of their past decisions, prosecute the vices of alternative options, and politick by catering to advisers who favored the existing direction. The entrepreneurs who had been taught to think like scientists, in contrast, pivoted more than twice as often.

When their hypotheses weren’t supported, they knew it was time to

rethink their business models.

What’s surprising about these results is that we typically

celebrate great entrepreneurs and leaders for being strong-minded

and clear-sighted. They’re supposed to be paragons of conviction:

decisive and certain. Yet evidence reveals that when business

executives compete in tournaments to price products, the best

strategists are actually slow and unsure. Like careful scientists, they

take their time so they have the flexibility to change their minds. I’m

beginning to think decisiveness is overrated . . . but I reserve the

right to change my mind.

Just as you don’t have to be a professional scientist to reason like

one, being a professional scientist doesn’t guarantee that someone

will use the tools of their training. Scientists morph into preachers

when they present their pet theories as gospel and treat thoughtful

critiques as sacrilege. They veer into politician terrain when they

allow their views to be swayed by popularity rather than accuracy.

They enter prosecutor mode when they’re hell-bent on debunking

and discrediting rather than discovering. After upending physics

with his theories of relativity, Einstein opposed the quantum

revolution: “To punish me for my contempt of authority, Fate has

made me an authority myself.” Sometimes even great scientists need

to think more like scientists.

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📚هایلایت قسمت 13 کتاب Think Again

✅ average : میانگین

✅ revenue : سود

✅ scientific : علمی

✅ attract: جذب کردن

✅ customer : مشتری

✅ tend to:معمولا

✅ wedded to:پایبند به

✅ alternative option : گزینه دیگر

✅ virtues : فضایل

✅ vices: معایب

✅ catering to: فراهم کردن

✅ adviser : مشاور

✅ favor: طرفداری کردن، ترجیح دادن

✅ existing direction : راه فعلی

✅ contrast : تضاد

✅ pivot: تغییر جهت دادن

✅ hypotheses : فرضیه ها

✅ celebrate : گرامی داشتن

✅ strong-minded : مصمم

✅ clear-sighted : با بصیرت

✅ paragon: الگو، نمونه عالی

✅ conviction : اعتقاد راسخ

✅ decisive : مصمم

✅ evidence: شواهد

✅ executive : اجرایی

✅ tournament : رقابت

✅ unsure : نامطمئن

✅ flexibility : انعطاف پذیری

✅ decisiveness : مصمم بودن

✅ overrated : زیادی بها داده شده

✅ reserve : مختص بودن

✅ reason : استدلال کردن

✅ morph into : تغییر کردن به

✅ preacher: واعظ

✅ pet theories : نظریه های محبوب

✅ gospel : انجیل

✅ thoughtful : فکر شده

✅ critiques : منتقدین

✅ sacrilege : توهین به مقدسات

✅ veer into: تغییر مسیر دادن به

✅ politician: سیاستمدار

✅ terrain: قلمرو

✅ sway: متمایل شدن

✅ popularity : محبوبیت

✅ accuracy : دقت

✅ prosecutor : دادستان

✅ hell-bent: به آب و آتش زدن

✅ debunking : کم ارزش کردن

✅ discrediting : بی اعتبار کردن

✅ discovering : فهمیدن

✅ upending : دگرگون کردن

✅ relativity : نسبیت

✅ oppose: مخالفت کردن

✅ punish : مجازات کردن

✅ contempt: تحقیر کردن

✅ authority : قدرت

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