Luminous English

A DIFFERENT PAIR OF GOGGLES

If you’re a scientist by trade, rethinking is fundamental to your profession. You’re paid to be constantly aware of the limits of your understanding. You’re expected to doubt what you know, be curious about what you don’t know, and update your views based on new data. In the past century alone, the application of scientific principles

has led to dramatic progress. Biological scientists discovered penicillin. Rocket scientists sent us to the moon. Computer scientists built the internet.

But being a scientist is not just a profession. It’s a frame of mind—a mode of thinking that differs from preaching, prosecuting, and politicking. We move into scientist mode when we’re searching for the truth: we run experiments to test hypotheses and discover knowledge. Scientific tools aren’t reserved for people with white coats and beakers, and using them doesn’t require toiling away for

years with a microscope and a petri dish. Hypotheses have as much of a place in our lives as they do in the lab. Experiments can inform

our daily decisions. That makes me wonder: is it possible to train

people in other fields to think more like scientists, and if so, do they

end up making smarter choices?

Recently, a quartet of European researchers decided to find out.

They ran a bold experiment with more than a hundred founders of

Italian startups in technology, retail, furniture, food, health care,

leisure, and machinery. Most of the founders’ businesses had yet to

bring in any revenue, making it an ideal setting to investigate how

teaching scientific thinking would influence the bottom line.

The entrepreneurs arrived in Milan for a training program in

entrepreneurship. Over the course of four months, they learned to

create a business strategy, interview customers, build a minimum

viable product, and then refine a prototype. What they didn’t know

was that they’d been randomly assigned to either a “scientific

thinking” group or a control group. The training for both groups was

identical, except that one was encouraged to view startups through a

scientist’s goggles. From that perspective, their strategy is a theory,

customer interviews help to develop hypotheses, and their minimum

viable product and prototype are experiments to test those

hypotheses. Their task is to rigorously measure the results and make

decisions based on whether their hypotheses are supported or

refuted.

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📚هایلایت قسمت 12 کتاب Think Again

✅ by trade: از لحاظ حرفه ای 

✅ fundamental: اساسی

✅ profession: حرفه 

✅ doubt: شک کردن 

✅ curious: کنجکاو 

✅ century: قرن 

✅ mode : حالت

✅ differ : تفاوت داشتن

✅ hypotheses : فرضیه ها

✅ hypothesis : فرضیه

✅ reserved : مختص

✅ beaker : ظرف آزمایشگاهی

✅ toil : مشقت کشیدن

✅ quartet : گروع ۴ نفره

✅ retail : خرده فروشی

✅ revenue: سود

✅ investigate : بررسی کردن

✅ the bottom line: سود نهایی شرکت

✅ entrepreneurship : کارآفرینی

✅ viable : قابل قبول

✅ refine : اصلاح کردن

✅ prototype : نمونه اولیه

✅ assign: بکارگرفتن

✅ identical: مشابه

✅ goggles : عینک

✅ rigorously: با دقت زیاد

✅ measure : سنجیدن

✅ refute : رد کردن

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