Luminous English

SECOND THOUGHTS

With advances in access to information and technology, knowledge isn’t just increasing. It’s increasing at an increasing rate. In 2011, you

consumed about five times as much information per day as you would have just a quarter century earlier. As of 1950, it took about fifty years for knowledge in medicine to double. By 1980, medical knowledge was doubling every seven years, and by 2010, it was

doubling in half that time. The accelerating pace of change means that we need to question our beliefs more readily than ever before.

This is not an easy task. As we sit with our beliefs, they tend to become more extreme and more entrenched. I’m still struggling to accept that Pluto may not be a planet. In education, after revelations in history and revolutions in science, it often takes years for a

curriculum to be updated and textbooks to be revised. Researchers have recently discovered that we need to rethink widely accepted assumptions about such subjects as Cleopatra’s roots (her father was

Greek, not Egyptian, and her mother’s identity is unknown); the appearance of dinosaurs (paleontologists now think some tyrannosaurs had colorful feathers on their backs); and what’s required for sight (blind people have actually trained themselves to

“see”—sound waves can activate the visual cortex and create representations in the mind’s eye, much like how echolocation helps bats navigate in the dark).* Vintage records, classic cars, and antique clocks might be valuable collectibles, but outdated facts are mental fossils that are best abandoned.

We’re swift to recognize when other people need to think again.

We question the judgment of experts whenever we seek out a second opinion on a medical diagnosis. Unfortunately, when it comes to our own knowledge and opinions, we often favor feeling right over being right. In everyday life, we make many diagnoses of our own, ranging from whom we hire to whom we marry. We need to develop the habit of forming our own second opinions.

Imagine you have a family friend who’s a financial adviser, and he recommends investing in a retirement fund that isn’t in your employer’s plan. You have another friend who’s fairly knowledgeable about investing, and he tells you that this fund is risky. What would you do?

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📚هایلایت قسمت 10 کتاب Think Again

✅ advance : پیشرفت

✅ access : دسترسی

✅ increasing : روبه رشد

✅ consume: دریافت کردن، مصرف کردن

✅ quarter : یک چهارم

✅ double : دو برابر شدن

✅ accelerating : سریع

✅ pace: سرعت

✅ sit with sth : عمیقا فکر کردن به…

✅ extreme : شدید

✅ entrenched: تثبیت شده

✅ revelation : مکاشفه

✅ curriculum : برنامه درسی

✅ discover : کشف کردن

✅ widely accepted : کاملا پذیرفته شده

✅ assumption : فرضیه

✅ identity : هویت

✅ unknown : نامعلوم

✅ appearance : ظاهر

✅ paleontologist : باستان شناس

✅ feather : پر

✅ visual : بینایی

✅ cortex: قشر

✅ representation : ارائه

✅ echolocation : جهتیابی با صدا

✅ navigate : جهتیابی

✅ antique : عتیقه

✅ valuable : ارزشمند

✅ collectibles : ایتم های کلکسیون

✅ outdated : منسوخ و قدیمی

✅ abandon: ترک کردن

✅ swift : سریع

✅ judgement : رای، قضاوت

✅ seek out: دنبال چیزی بودن

✅ diagnosis : تشخیص

✅ unfortunately : متاسفانه

✅ favor (over): ترجیح دادن

✅ hire: استخدام کردن

✅ financial adviser : مشاور مالی

✅ recommend : پیشنهاد کردن

✅ investing : سرمایه گذاری کردن

✅ retirement : بازنشستگی

✅ employer : کارفرما

✅ knowledgeable : با معلومات

✅ risky : پر خطر

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