Mar 10 2025 38 mins
The upcoming budget presentation by Ghana's NDC government marks a pivotal moment in the nation's economic journey. Set against a backdrop of severe economic challenges, including crippling inflation, currency depreciation, and the aftermath of the domestic debt exchange programme, this budget will potentially shape Ghana's economic trajectory for the next decade.
Food inflation remains one of the most pressing concerns for everyday Ghanaians. The budget must address this through strategic investments in agriculture, potentially reviving policies like the "Operation Feed Yourself" initiative from the Acheampong era, which encouraged Ghanaians to cultivate available land. Additionally, providing interest-free or soft loans to farmers could stimulate food production and ultimately bring down prices.
The taxation landscape in Ghana requires urgent reconsideration. The E-Levy, COVID-19 Levy, Betting Tax, and Emissions Tax have become significant burdens on businesses and individuals alike. While these taxes generate revenue, their negative impact on economic activity may outweigh their benefits. The government could compensate for potential revenue loss by addressing public sector corruption, which reportedly costs Ghana approximately 2.5 billion USD annually, and tackling gold smuggling, which drains an estimated 5 billion USD yearly from the economy.
Interest rates in Ghana are the highest in the West African sub-region, deterring investment and hampering business growth. The budget needs to outline mechanisms through which the Bank of Ghana can gradually reduce its policy rate from the current 26-27% range. Lower interest rates would stimulate borrowing, investment, and expansion among businesses, particularly small and medium enterprises that form the backbone of the economy.
Indigenous Ghanaian businesses deserve special attention in this budget. Currently, key sectors of Ghana's economy are dominated by non-Ghanaian interests – Lebanese, Indian, and Chinese businesses control significant portions of the retail and manufacturing sectors, while European companies dominate mining and oil. The budget should include provisions for supporting indigenous Ghanaian businesses through preferential loans, tax breaks, and capacity development programmes. When local businesses thrive, profits remain within the country, stimulating further economic growth and creating employment opportunities.
The budget presents an opportunity for the government to boldly renegotiate more favourable mining and oil agreements, potentially generating billions of Ghana Cedi in additional revenue that could fund infrastructure development, healthcare, and education.
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