A supernova is a powerful and luminous stellar explosion marking the end of a star's life cycle, significantly impacting the universe by dispersing heavy elements and triggering new star formation. Supernovae come in two main types: Type I, involving a white dwarf in a binary system, and Type II, occurring in massive stars. Observing supernovae helps scientists understand stellar evolution, the expansion of the universe, and the distribution of elements. Historical records and modern research continue to shed light on these cosmic phenomena, revealing their crucial role in galactic dynamics and element synthesis.